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A matsayin wakili mai mahimmanci na chemotherapeutic, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) ana amfani da shi sosai don maganin ciwon daji a cikin ƙwayar gastrointestinal, kai, wuyansa, kirji, da ovary. Kuma 5-FU shine magani na farko don ciwon daji na launin fata a asibiti. Hanyar aikin 5-FU shine don toshe canjin uracil nucleic acid zuwa thymine nucleic acid a cikin ƙwayoyin tumor, sa'an nan kuma rinjayar kira da gyaran DNA da RNA don cimma tasirin cytotoxic (Afzal et al., 2009; Ducreux et al. al., 2015; Longley et al., 2003). Duk da haka, 5-FU kuma yana samar da zawo mai cutarwa na chemotherapy (CID), ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan halayen halayen da ke damun marasa lafiya da yawa (Filho et al., 2016). Abubuwan da ke faruwa na zawo a cikin marasa lafiya da aka bi da su tare da 5-FU ya kasance har zuwa 50% -80%, wanda ya shafi ci gaba da tasiri na ilimin chemotherapy (Iacovelli et al., 2014; Rosenoff et al., 2006). Sakamakon haka, yana da mahimmancin mahimmanci don nemo ingantaccen magani don 5-FU da aka jawo CID.

A halin yanzu, an shigo da ayyukan da ba na magunguna da magunguna ba a cikin maganin asibiti na CID. Abubuwan da ba na magunguna ba sun haɗa da abinci mai dacewa, da ƙari da gishiri, sukari da sauran abubuwan gina jiki. Ana amfani da kwayoyi irin su loperamide da octreotide a cikin maganin cutar zawo na CID (Benson et al., 2004). Bugu da kari, ana kuma amfani da ethnomedicines don kula da CID tare da nasu na musamman na jiyya a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban. Magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin (TCM) wani nau'i ne na al'ada na al'ada da aka yi fiye da shekaru 2000 a kasashen gabashin Asiya ciki har da China, Japan da Koriya (Qi et al., 2010). TCM ta riki cewa magungunan chemotherapeutic zasu haifar da amfani da Qi, rashi na sawa, rashin daidaituwar ciki da dampness na endophytic, yana haifar da tabarbarewar hanji. A cikin ka'idar TCM, dabarun jiyya na CID ya kamata a dogara ne akan ƙarin Qi da ƙarfafa ƙwayar cuta (Wang et al., 1994).

Busassun tushenAtractylodes macrocephalaKoidz. (AM) kumaPanax ginsengCA Me. (PG) su ne magungunan ganyayyaki na yau da kullun a cikin TCM tare da tasirin iri ɗaya na ƙara Qi da ƙarfafa ƙwayar cuta (Li et al., 2014). AM da PG yawanci ana amfani da su azaman nau'i biyu na ganye (nau'i mafi sauƙi na daidaitawar ganyen Sinawa) tare da tasirin ƙara Qi da ƙarfafa ƙwayar cuta don magance gudawa. Misali, AM da PG an rubuta su a cikin dabarun rigakafin cutar gudawa na gargajiya kamar Shen Ling Bai Zhu San, Si Jun Zi Tang dagaTaiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang(Daular Song, Sin) da Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang dagaPi Wei Lun(Daular Yuan, China) (Fig. 1). Yawancin karatu da suka gabata sun ba da rahoton cewa duk hanyoyin ukun suna da ikon rage CID (Bai et al., 2017; Chen et al., 2019; Gou et al., 2016). Bugu da ƙari, bincikenmu na baya ya nuna cewa Shenzhu Capsule wanda kawai ya ƙunshi AM da PG yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan maganin zawo, colitis (xiexie syndrome), da sauran cututtuka na ciki (Feng et al., 2018). Duk da haka, babu wani binciken da ya tattauna tasiri da tsarin AM da PG wajen magance CID, ko a hade ko kadai.

Yanzu ana ɗaukar gut microbiota a matsayin yuwuwar factor don fahimtar tsarin warkewa na TCM (Feng et al., 2019). Nazarin zamani ya nuna cewa gut microbiota yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye homeostasis na hanji. Microbiota mai lafiya yana ba da gudummawa ga kariyar mucosal na hanji, metabolism, homeostasis na rigakafi da amsawa, da kuma hana ƙwayoyin cuta (Thursby da Juge, 2017; Pickard et al., 2017). Gut microbiota mai lalacewa yana lalata aikin ilimin lissafi da na rigakafi na jikin mutum kai tsaye ko a kaikaice, yana haifar da halayen gefe kamar gudawa (Patel et al., 2016; Zhao da Shen, 2010). Bincike ya nuna cewa 5-FU ya canza fasalin tsarin gut microbiota a cikin berayen gudawa (Li et al., 2017). Sabili da haka, tasirin AM da PM akan zawowar 5-FU na iya yin sulhu ta hanyar microbiota. Koyaya, ko AM da PG kadai kuma a hade zasu iya hana gudawa ta 5-FU ta hanyar daidaita microbiota na gut har yanzu ba a sani ba.

Domin bincika tasirin maganin zawo da tsarin da ke ƙasa na AM da PG, mun yi amfani da 5-FU don daidaita samfurin gudawa a cikin mice. Anan, mun mai da hankali kan yuwuwar tasirin gudanarwar guda ɗaya da haɗin gwiwa (AP) naAtractylodes macrocephalamuhimmanci mai (AMO) daPanax ginsengjimlar saponins (PGS), kayan aiki masu aiki da aka samo daga AM da PG, akan zawo, cututtukan hanji da tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta bayan 5-FU chemotherapy.

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Ethnopharmacological dacewar

Maganin gargajiya na kasar Sin(TCM) yana riƙe da cewa rashi na spleen-Qi shine babban pathogenesis na cutar zawo-induced chemotherapy (CID). Ganyen biyu naAtractylodesmacrocephalaKoidz. (AM) kumaPanax ginsengCA Me. (PG) yana da sakamako mai kyau na ƙara Qi da ƙarfafa saɓo.

Manufar binciken

Don bincika sakamakon warkewa da tsarinAtractylodes macrocephalamuhimmanci mai (AMO) daPanax ginsengdukasaponins(PGS) kadai kuma a hade (AP) akan 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy haifar da gudawa a cikin mice.

kaya da matakai

An yi amfani da berayen tare da AMO, PGS da AP bi da bi na kwanaki 11, kuma an yi musu allura ta ciki tare da 5-FU na kwanaki 6 tun daga ranar 3rd na gwajin. Yayin gwajin, an yi rikodin nauyin jikin jiki da yawan gudawa na beraye kowace rana. An ƙididdige ma'anar Thymus da spleen bayan sadaukarwar mice. Canje-canje na pathological a cikin gida da kyallen takarda an bincika ta hanyar tabo na hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Kuma matakan abun ciki na cytokines masu kumburin hanji an auna su ta hanyar gwajin immunosorbent mai alaƙa da enzyme (ELISA).16S rDNAAn yi amfani da Amplicon Sequencing don tantancewa da fassara fassararmicrobiota na cikina fecal samfurori.

Sakamako

AP ya hana asarar nauyi na jiki sosai, gudawa, raguwar ma'aunin thymus da spleen, da canje-canjen pathological na ileums da colons wanda 5-FU ya jawo. AMO ko PGS kadai ba su inganta abubuwan da aka ambata a sama ba. Bayan haka, AP na iya danne mahimmancin haɓakar 5-FU-matsakaici na cytokines mai kumburi na hanji (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1βda IL-17), yayin da AMO ko PGS kawai suka hana wasu daga cikinsu bayan 5-FU chemotherapy. Binciken Gut microbiota ya nuna cewa 5-FU ya haifar da sauye-sauyen tsarin gaba ɗaya namicrobiota na cikiAn sake komawa bayan maganin AP. Bugu da ƙari, AP ta inganta haɓakar ɗimbin phyla daban-daban masu kama da dabi'u na yau da kullun, kuma ta dawo da ma'auni.Firmicutes/Bacteroidates(F/B). A matakin jinsi, jiyya na AP ya ragu sosai da yuwuwar ƙwayoyin cuta kamarBacteroides,Ruminococcus,AnaerotruncuskumaDesulfovibrio. AP kuma ta haifar da mummunan tasirin AMO da PGS kadai akan wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan kamarBlautia,ParabacteroideskumaLactobacillus. Babu AMO ko PGS kadai sun hana canje-canjen tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta na gut wanda 5-FU ya haifar.